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How to Read the Clouds

Clouds, along with wind, are two of the most important factors in local conditions that can be used for short-period weather forecasting.
  • By Jason Y. Wood
  • March 12, 2015

Photo: NOAA

Cumulonimbus

Clouds, along with wind, are two of the most important factors in local conditions that can be used for short-period weather forecasting.
The way the boater uses clouds is to record their appearance in a weather log every three hours, then determine, based on the change in logged conditions, what the clouds tell about local weather. This cumulonimbus cloud takes up a large range of the troposphere and can signal precipitation accompanied by lightning.

Stratus

Stratus clouds are low in height, below 6,500 feet and layered in appearance.
The name comes from the Latin word strato, meaning “layered.”

Photo: Simon Eugster

Altostratus

Altostratus clouds are midheight—from 6,500 to 18,000 feet—and appear layered.
The name is derived from the Latin words strato (layered) and alto, meaning “middle.”

Photo: Simon Eugster

Cirrostratus

Cirrostratus clouds are high in altitude—above 18,000 feet, and look like layered, curly hair. By now you know that strato means layered and is combined with the Latin word cirro meaning “curl of the hair.”

Photo: Przemyslaw

Cirrus

Cirrus clouds are wispy, high, fair-weather clouds. Record their presence in the log and see what happens next.

Photo: Michael Jastremski

Cumulus

Cumulus clouds are puffy white mid-altitude clouds that can signal a change in conditions.

Nimbostratus

Nimbostratus clouds are low “socked-in” rain clouds. Get out the foul-weather gear.

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Jason Y. Wood

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